Efeito da aplicação de adubação fosfatada na qualidade e conservação pós-colheita da melancia style

Data
2015-02-18
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Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido

Resumo

The watermelon is grown throughout the national territory and, due to its marketing with distant countries, it is necessary the use of production technologies aimed at increasing productivity with improvements in the quality and postharvest conservation of fruits. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of phosphorus fertilization on quality and postharvest conservation of watermelon cv 'Style'. The experiment consisted of two arrangements (field and laboratory), in the field it was cultivated triploid watermelon, seedless (Style), in experimental design of randomized blocks, with five treatment and four replications. For that, two phosphorus levels were utilized (80 and 289 kg ha-1 de P2O5), applied in foundation, utilizing the triple superphosphate, and split in foundation plus application in coverage by water of irrigation utilizing monoamonic-phosphate MAP, and still more an additional treatment (289 kg ha-1 of P2O5), applied in foundation plus application in coverage utilizing only MAP as phosphorus source, at five treatments. In the laboratory, the experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial 5x5, constituting the five postharvest treatments and five storage periods (0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days). The fruits were analyzed at zero time and after each storage period in a cold chamber at temperature of 9 ° C ± 2 and 85 ± 2% relative humidity which were maintained for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days and seven days at temperature of 23 ± 2 ° C and 60 ± 2% RH. The quality characteristics evaluated were: weight, length, diameter, pulp thickness, fruit format, mass loss, pulp firmness, soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, vitamin C, soluble sugars, reducing sugars, ratio (SS / AT) and lycopene content. The data were subjected to variance analysis; the qualitative variables of treatments were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability, and for quantitative variables it was utilized regression. There was significant effect of treatment factors and storage period for soluble sugars (AS) and ratio (SS/TA). The mass loss and the pH increased during storage, however, the soluble solids, reducing sugars, titratable acidity, vitamin C and lycopene decreased throughout the storage of fruits. The highest values of soluble sugars, SS/TA ratio, soluble solids and reducing sugars of the fruit were obtained with the dose 80 kg ha-1 de P2O5of phosphorus applied in foundation. For other hand, the dose of 289 kg ha-1 of P2O5 applied by foundation and covering utilizing only MAP provided fruits with higher titratable acidity


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Citação
SILVA, Ana Cláudia da. The effect of the application of phosphate fertilizing on the quality and postharvest conservation of Style watermelon. 2015. 80 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agricultura Tropical) - Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, 2015.