Contribuição a segurança alimentar e caracterização físicoquímica do solo em quintais produtivos

Abstract

Studies on productive backyards arise from the need to develop technologies and research adapted to field conditions to achieve an agriculture based on the rational use of alternative sources of natural resources, and presenting potentials from the social and environmental point of view. Thus, it was identified the need for more complete studies, which not only characterize these spaces as the species found, but contribute to their validation as beneficial or not in the promotion of healthy eating habits, as well as to the quality of managed soils. . From this perspective, this study aimed to verify the effects of productive backyards on the promotion of healthy eating habits, as well as to characterize the physical-chemical attributes of the soil according to the management practices adopted in the productive backyards of the Santa Elza Settlement Project, Rio Great North, northeastern semiarid. In order to verify if they contribute to the healthy eating of families in the study area, interviews were conducted in August and September 2018, focusing on the identification of farmers' socioeconomic profiles, characterization of the backyards as to their diversity. , survey of its importance and the consumption of the obtained foods. After obtaining the data, they were read and analyzed using the Content Analysis technique and then the information was processed to obtain the basic descriptive statistics. In order to verify the effects of soil management practices in turn, three (3) productive backyards of the settlement were selected and a control area and subsequent soil collection for analysis of physical and chemical attributes. The analysis data were submitted to multivariate statistical techniques, such as: correlation matrix, cluster analysis and factor analysis with extraction of factors in principal components. Regarding the results obtained, it was found that in all families of the settlement there were species of plants and animals conducted in the form of productive backyards, destined mostly for selfconsumption and surplus for sale. Regarding the multivariate techniques applied to verify the effects of management practices on soil physicochemical attributes and to distinguish the areas of the backyards studied according to this management, it was observed that significant correlations were found in the correlation matrix between attributes of the analyzed soils, when considering the joint analysis of the productive backyard areas and the studied control area. There was the formation of distinct groupings for the attributes, highlighting four groups of variables, as well as the formation of distinct groupings for the studied areas. The pH, EC, Mn and Zn, Na +, PST, sand, DP, PT, N, CTC, M.O, P, K, silt and Fe were the most sensitive soil properties for the distinction of areas. It can be concluded that, due to the management practices adopted by the farmers, as well as the soil source material, the areas were differentiated