Ação antimicrobiana de extratos hidroetanólicos de geoprópolis de Melipona subnitida frente a microrganismos presentes em leite mastítico

The indiscriminate use of antibiotics in Brazilian livestock has made the presence of microbial pathogens resistant to antibiotics recurrent, thus seeking alternatives to the use of allopathic medicines to treat veterinary diseases. The use of natural products is an alternative to the indiscriminate use of antibiotics in animal production. Jandaíra bee geopropolis (Melipona subnitida) stands out for its biological and chemical properties in the treatment of microbial diseases and in the control of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. Thus, the research aimed to evaluate the action of hydroethanolic extracts of geopropolis (EHGP) from the stingless bee Melipona subnitida against bacteria isolated present in mastitic milks. The extracts were collected in municipalities in the semiarid region of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, totaling 6 samples of M. subnitida geopropolis. While milk collections were carried out in the municipality of Mossoró and in the region of Seridó, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, totaling 16 animals. California Mastitis Test (CMT) and the screened mug test were performed on milked animals. Then, milk samples were collected from animals identified with clinical and subclinical mastitis for isolation and identification of etiological agents. The geopropolis samples collected were processed and subjected to extraction in 70% cereal alcohol and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against the isolated bacteria. Through the CMT we identified 12 females (67%) positive for mastitis in the subclinical form and two females (11%) presented clinical mastitis. The microorganisms identified were Staphylococcus aureus (2), Staphylococcus spp. (1), Streptococcus spp. (2), Streptococcus agalactiae (1), Streptococcus dysgalactiae (1) and Klebisiella pneumoniae (1). The evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of the hydroethanolic extracts was measured using the disk diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar and on Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with equine blood for fastidious bacteria. The results of the antimicrobial evaluation showed that the S. aureus and Streptococcus spp. were sensitive to EHGP with inhibition halos of 4 to 16 mm and 0 to 10 mm, respectively, were sensitive to hydroethanolic extracts with inhibition halos from 4 to 16 mm, while the Klebiella pneumoniae strain showed low sensitivity to the evaluated extracts, with inhibition halos from 0 to 6 mm. The data obtained in this work demonstrate that geopropolis has potential for therapeutic use in the control and combat of microbial infections in production animals