Análise do cultivo do camarão marinho (Litopenaeus vannamei) com uso de fertilização à base de silicato e seus efeitos sobre desempenho zootécnico, produção primária e qualidade de água

Abstract

Shrimp farming is the fastest growing aquaculture sector, with Litopenaeus vannamei as the key species of this rise. Natural food is a major contributor to shrimp feed and the use of fertilization provides adequate availability of these microorganisms. The experimental design was completely randomized, containing three puim rice treatments with diatomite (SiO2) (PD), rice puim with metasilicate (SiO3) (PM) and the control that nothing was added, all in 1000 liter water boxes. In each experimental unit, 100 shrimp pl 23 were populated in salinity 17 PSU. Fertilization was carried out twice a week with 100 (g) of puim for both fertilizations 20 (g) of metasilicate for PM and 50 (g) of diatomite for PD. Dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature analyzes were performed every day and ammonia, nitrite and nitrate and microalgae count weekly. After 53 days of cultivation, the data normality test was performed and the ANOVA tests were applied. The PD and PM treatments provided greater growth of phytoplankton, with emphasis on diatoms, differing from the CT which had a predominance of chlorophytes. PD Cameroon had the highest average weight gain and survival. All treatments showed low FCA, and the water quality parameters were within the acceptable range. Both fertilizations showed satisfactory diatomaceous production and although PM had higher productivity, it did not reflect on zootechnical indices and survival.