Produção e qualidade em frutos de bananeira propagados por diferentes tipos de mudas

Abstract

The culture of banana plantation, besides presenting a differential with respect to the intake of agricultural inputs, being little demanding on their use, is a culture of production cycle quite short, where it is possible to achieve crops with economic return in the first year. The aim of this research was to evaluate the growth, productivity and quality of different banana cultivars in response to the use of different types of plants. We accomplished an experiment on the farm Terra Santa, Quixeré/CE, in order to evaluate the behavior of banana plantation cultivars propagated through conventional system. Köppen classification for the climate of the two regions is BSwh’, hot and dry. With basis on the results obtained, we assembled three essays, the first one was in factorial scheme 2 x 3, with four blocks and six repetitions in each block to study the growth and development of the two banana cultivars propagated by rhizome and meristems and cultivated with conventional management; the second one was a DIC in factorial scheme 6 x 3, with eight repetitions, in order to assess the behavior of the treatments tested for cultivars when submitted to 20 days stored under refrigeration and the third one was a DIC in factorial scheme 6 x 3, with two repetitions, in order to evaluate the behavior of the treatments tested for cultivars when submitted to fifteen days stored under refrigeration and five days of packaging in ambient temperature. The results showed the number of alive leaves per plant of cultivar Prata-anã surpassed Pacovan cultivar and there was not significant effects between cultivars for the features of flowering range and number of alive blooms in the flowering period. The effect of the range from planting to the crop is highly associated to the effect of the range from the flowering to crop. The cultivar Prata-anã overcame the cultivar Pacovan in the number of bunches per cluster and in the number of fruit per bunch. The cultivar Pacovan overcame the Prata-anã on the effects of length, diameter and fruit weight from the essay. The storage of banana fruit under refrigeration was efficient on delaying the process of post-harvest fruit maturation. The cultivar Prata-anã propagated by rhizome with “bait” was the most efficient propagation technique, among all tested, on the obtaining of soluble solids and acidity level, but obtained the lowest pH rate. The post-harvest fruit packaging under ambient temperature strengthened the acquisition of vitamin C in fruit of banana “Prata-anã” propagated by meristem and dissipated banana fruit “Pacovan” propagated by rhizome without “bait”