Desenvolvimento de antena de microfita baseada no fractal de cantor com plano de terra truncado

Abstract

The development of antenna research has intensified in recent years, especially related to microstrip antennas. Features such as small volume, reduced weight, low cost and ease of manufacturing are observed in microstrip antenna designs, which explains the popularization of this line of research. However, with the constant evolution of technology in communication systems, the equipment requires an antenna with increasingly smaller size and great capacity of data transfer. In this context, the application of Fractal Geometry, based on the Cantor Sequence, on microstrip antenna structures has become a very effective alternative in research projects of the sector. The main feature that a fractal structure presents is an effective miniaturization in its physical dimensions without significantly reducing the bandwidth and efficiency of the antenna. With the need for antennas with greater data transfer capacity, a very desirable feature in antennas is a bandwidth with considerable size. For this, the technique of reduction of the ground plane has been notable for being able to extend the range of operation in antennas where the reduction is applied. Aiming to carry out a study on the modifications of the electric characteristics in an antenna with application of the fractal geometry and reduction of the ground plane, a parametric study was execute to find the best configurations of the projected antennas. Successive simulations was execute with the aid of HFSS® (High Frequency Structural Simulator), to obtain 2D and 3D radiation pattern, return loss, bandwidth and gain. With this simulated information, the antennas were chosen, which presented the most desirable characteristics for manufacturing and consequent comparison between the simulated values and the values obtained with the measurement of the antennas manufactured