Cultivo da erva sal irrigada com rejeito salino sob variação da umidade do solo

Abstract

Rural communities located in the Brazilian Northeast, especially in semiarid region, live with water shortages resulting from erratic rainfall in this region, resulting in problems with the drinking water supply. The use of groundwater enables of the water supply in many of these communities, but due to the high levels of salts such waters often need to be treat ed in treatment plants by the process of desalination by reverse osmosis, generating apart from potable water, water of high salinity called saline waste of high capacity polluting of the soil and water sources requiring the study of viable alternatives to its deposition in the environment. In this context, this work proposes the cultivation of the halophyte known as herb salt (Atriplex nummularia), on Project of settlement Rural of Good Faith, in Mossoró, RN as an alternative to deposition of saline waste for forage production. The statistical design was a split-plot, being four treatments at the plots, related to levels of soil moisture and having based on the moisture in the Field Capacity (FC) (T1 -100% of FC; T2 85% of FC; T3 70% of FC and T4 50% of FC) and in subplots, two levels of organic manure (Fo: not fertilized and F1: fertilized), with four replications. Were analyzed Variables of growth, yield and quality of forage crop at harvest of material, after three months of cultivation. It was observed that herb salt has good production capacity of fresh matter and drought of herb salt under a level of 85% soil moisture in relation to its field capacity, presenting minimal loss of yield, 5,74% and 3,54%, respectily, and proved to be productive even with the dry soil. The total productivity was 5689,62 kg ha-1 showing its viability for forage production. The quantities of salts extracted were high, mainly for Cl-and Na+, demonstrating the phytoextraction ability of the herb salt, compatibilizing up with the problematic of disposal of waste from desalination, also presented good quality of forage produced