Efeitos de diluições de água produzida do petróleo no desenvolvimento do girassol cultivado em casa de vegetação

Abstract

Water scarcity in some regions, especially arid and semi-arid regions, has led to the search for alternative sources of water for use in irrigation, among which is the wastewater from oil, recently used in oilseed research. The objective of this work was to study the effects of dilutions of wastewater of the treated oil on the number of leaves, stem diameter, diameter of the chapter, height of plants and production of sunflower H-360 in the semiarid potiguar. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the Department of Agrarian and Forestry Sciences of the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido in Mossoró-RN. The experimental design was a randomized block with five treatments and five replications, totaling 25 plots. The experiment was carried out in pots with 32L capacity, containing one plant per pot, which were filled with soil from the Rafael Fernandes Experimental Farm in Mossoró, classified as Latossolo, and irrigated by 1.5L h-1 microtubes. The treatments were constituted by dilutions of wastewater of treated oil (APT) in water supply (AA): T1 - 100% AA and 0% APT; T2 - 75% AA and 25% APT; T3 - 50% AA and 50% APT; T4 - 25% AA and 75% APT; and T5 - 0% AA and 100% APT. A crude irrigation depth of 435.35mm was applied throughout the experimental period in all treatments. The physical-chemical characterization of the dilutions (pH, electrical conductivity, Ca+2, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl-, CO3-, HCO32-, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cr, Al, As and Ba). The physico-chemical analyzes of the dilutions of PA in AA revealed that the mean values of the attributes pH, CO3- (Carbonate) and K+ (Potassium) are above the usual limits for irrigation purposes, while the other attributes meet the standards for agricultural reuse . Data from the morphogenic and productivity data collection were submitted to analysis of variance using the F test at 1 and 5% probability and Tukey 5% probability. There was no statistical difference between the dilutions of wastewater of the treated oil in relation to the number of leaves, stem diameter, plant height and sunflower production, while T1 dilution statistically differed from T2 in relation to the chapter diameter. These results showed that the water produced from the treated oil did not interfere in the agronomic performance of the sunflower, which is an alternative that deserves further studies for the purpose of agricultural and forest reuse in the semi - arid region of. In general, the T2 dilution was the most adequate for sunflower cultivation, due to the best results regarding the chapter diameter, stem diameter and number of leaves and with less potential of environmental impact in relation to the other dilutions.