Considering that issue of poverty and socioeconomic inequality engage researchers minds and public manager, bearing in mind high levels of social inequalities that have been imposed on almost everyone, it was necessary to implement social programs to intervene directly in the problem of hunger, and provide conditions to reduce destitution. The Bolsa Família Program (PBF) emerges in 2003, a program of direct conditional income transfer, standing out act across the country. Through this repercussion, the PBF becomes the object of study of Undergraduate thesis, with the perspective of analyzing the socioeconomic impacts of Bolsa Família on beneficiary families on Olho D'Água do Borges – RN. The methodology used through the bibliographic research and documentary research of works related to public policies. In addition to a field survey, which to provide of basic fact on for analysis and elaboration this research. Thereby, it can be observed that PBF provided a average 51.57% increase in beneficiaries' income and a 20% reduction in the number of families that do not receive income, which leads to the conclusion that PBF generates great satisfaction in the beneficiary families in all areas of the municipality. However, even with the good results obtained, the PBF needs a policy capable of creating mechanisms as a way to allow the socioeconomic emancipation of registered families so that they can not always depend on social policies.