The present research refers to parental alienation, guarded by the Law 12.318 from 2010 which idealized the procedure for the ascertainment of this institute. Concerning this subject, its hypothetical relation and efficiency towards the practical cases of paternity denial and divorce will be analyzed, as well as the verification of the ascertainment method’s application conditions for parental alienation in the judicial district of Mossoró/RN, which will delineate the possible difficulties and barriers in fulfilling the referred regulation’s requirements. Therefore, a mixed research methodology was used: deductive, empirical and qualitative methods, in order to coherently define the facts and then describe the parental alienation ascertainment’s experience in the referred judicial unit. From all presented data and interview analysis it became evident that, despite all the innovation originated by this legal legislation, the procedure created still lacks adjustments on its ascertainment, especially regarding the professionals involved in this procedure, due to Brazilian citizens’ limited knowledge and the enlarged necessary time for the finalization of the parental alienation analysis.